I am going to guess that you are asking about a popular houseplant called 'lucky bamboo' that is sold in a vase of water. It is not actually a bamboo plant but really a common houseplant called Dracaena sanderiana. Your plant is fine growing in just an inch or so of water with no fertilizer for at least a year or two. It is more important to keep the water fresh, changing it every week or more often by dumping out the inch of water then refilling with fresh water. The problem is when growing in just water any fluorides or chemicals from tap water can damage the tips of the leaves. Many growers use only distilled water for their indoor bamboo plants. This plant can also get sunburned so keep it away from direct sunshine from bright windows.  Too much fertilizer will damage this plant so if you decide to keep it growing in just an inch of water wait until you see the leaves turn pale and a year or more has passed since you brought it home. Then you can add just a tiny amount as in a few drops of diluted liquid plant food made for hydroponic gardening. Many home gardeners will transition this plant into a regular houseplant growing in potting soil after a year because keeping if watered with distilled water can be challenging and the plant will grow much faster when allowed to grow in potting soil.  Other gardeners love the challenge of keeping lucky bamboo alive in just fresh water and a vase. Good luck, Marianne Binetti